In order to promote energy conservation and carbon reduction in buildings, Beijing has launched a trial of energy efficiency assessment and grading management f

Source: Beijing Municipal Commission of Housing and Urban-Rural Development

Public buildings carry urban services and promote the happiness of work, life and study. At the same time, they are also "energy users", is the main position of energy saving and carbon reduction. Since 2013, Beijing has taken the lead in the country to take the power consumption quota management as the starting point, to regulate the energy consumption of public buildings, and gradually combined with the energy-saving green transformation of public buildings, civil building energy consumption statistics and other work to form a "combination of energy conservation and carbon reduction", promote the public this year, in Beijing public building energy consumption quota management after ten years, Beijing summed up the experience, Refining method, innovative proposed public building energy efficiency assessment and classification management, and launched pilot in Beijing Economic and Technological Development Zone and Beijing Urban Sub-center, for public buildings to "green", promote green high-quality development of the capital, help the "double carbon" goal in the construction field solid landing, once again the first to explore the "Beijing experience".

Door-to-door service for building energy saving "prescription"

In 2023, 15,445 public buildings in Beijing will be included in the power consumption quota management scope, with a total construction area of 202 million square meters. According to the relevant person in charge of the Beijing Municipal Commission of Housing and Urban and Rural Construction, this year's public building energy consumption quota management work continues to enhance the "service" and "guidance", carried out research on the implementation effect of typical buildings, organized expert teams to provide public services, listen to demands, and put forward feasible suggestions for building energy conservation and consumption reduction.

Since an office building in Zhongguancun has been included in the scope of power consumption quota management, a series of refined management measures have been adopted, such as: replacing LED lamps, replacing gas boilers with air source heat pump systems, regular start and stop of lighting and exhaust systems, and regular cleaning and maintenance of key equipment such as air conditioning host, terminal and transmission and distribution systems. In recent years, the average power consumption intensity is 55kWh/m2 (KWH per square meter), which is far lower than the average power consumption of 87kWh/m2 for public buildings of the same type. In the investigation process, based on the actual building, the expert team further proposed energy-saving green transformation suggestions such as adding a doorway to the entrance of the hall, adding an external sunshade or film to the south window, and adding solar photovoltaic to the roof, in order to further reduce the energy consumption of the building.

This year's research on the energy-saving operation effect of public buildings has served a total of 30 building subjects, covering office, shopping malls, education, culture, medical and health, comprehensive and other building types. In fact, in 2022, the Beijing Municipal Commission of Housing and Urban and Rural Construction has organized more than 200 experts to carry out more than 30 times of energy use research and on-site technical services for public buildings. Through these on-site services, the energy-saving green transformation policy, targeted energy saving and carbon reduction potential point analysis and energy-saving green transformation methods and technical solutions are delivered to the hands of public building owners and operation management units.

Beijing Municipal Commission of Housing and Urban-Rural Development also improved and updated the building total energy consumption database through the "online + offline" information verification and collection. The property right unit can directly or authorize the property or the use unit to log in to the Beijing public building energy consumption quota management information platform, fill in the enterprise information online, claim the building, and fill in or check the information of the building. Offline verification and collection work by the staff on-site service, detailed introduction of relevant management policies and problems, to assist the building property rights units, operation management or use units to fill in the relevant forms, on-site check the building electricity meters, gas meters, heat meters and building energy equipment, not only including Chaoyang, Haidian, Dongcheng, Xicheng, Fengtai and other densely built areas, but also expand the scope to the outer suburbs. The online public building power consumption limit notification work has also achieved good results, and has been positively responded by building owners and operation management units. Compared to previous years, people's attention to relevant policies, the use of data platforms, energy audits and other issues has increased significantly.

Ten years of exploration to form the "Beijing Experience"

In May 2013, the General Office of the Beijing Municipal People's Government issued the "Beijing Public Building Energy Consumption Quota and Grade Difference Price Work Plan (Trial)", which clearly proposed the development of public building energy consumption quota management measures. The exploration of scientific control of energy consumption and carbon emissions of public buildings in Beijing began.

Taking power consumption as the starting point, Beijing takes the lead in the country to carry out energy consumption quota management for public buildings. After more than ten years of efforts, Beijing has formed a large-scale collection and update method of building data based on the municipal housing big data platform and relying on the settlement data of energy companies, taking into account its own historical data and similar average level of power consumption limit formulation method, and established a comprehensive coordination and supervision led by the Beijing Municipal Commission of Housing and Urban-Rural Development. The Municipal Development and Reform Commission, the Municipal Urban Management Commission and the Municipal Government Offices Administration cooperate with other departments, and the efficient management mechanism of territorial responsibility and urban linkage has created a working mode of coordinated promotion of public building energy consumption quota management, green building evaluation and energy-saving green transformation work, and policy interconnection. After ten years of continuous improvement, supplement and update, Beijing has established and formed the largest sample size of urban public building power consumption big data management system in China, providing basic data support for building green development legislation, planning and standard preparation.

Before 2013, the average power consumption intensity of public buildings in Beijing showed an increasing trend. It is estimated that if no measures are taken, the average power consumption intensity is expected to increase to 132.7kWh/m2 by 2021. With the coordination of public building power consumption quota management and energy-saving green transformation work, the actual average power consumption intensity of public buildings within the scope of quota management in 2021 is 105.6kWh/m2. From 2014 to 2022, public buildings under management will save 4.57 billion KWH of electricity and reduce carbon dioxide emissions by about 2.8 million tons. According to the survey, nearly 50% of China's provinces and cities have issued or formulated energy consumption standards or quota standards, but most of them are used as a reference basis for the calculation of energy consumption in operation, Beijing is the only province and city in the country that directly uses quotas to manage and assess the energy use of public buildings year by year. "Recently, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and Shanghai, Jiangxi Province and other carbon peak implementation plans have clearly proposed to 'gradually carry out the management of building energy consumption quota', Beijing's practical experience will provide a sample reference for the whole country." Professor Lin Borong, deputy dean of the School of Architecture, Tsinghua University.

Energy efficiency assessment and classification management trial first

In 2023, based on the past practical experience, Beijing has explored a new way to launch the pilot of energy efficiency assessment and classification management of public buildings, and strives to promote the shift of public building power consumption quota management to total energy consumption classification management.

In April this year, the Beijing Municipal Commission of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and the Municipal Development and Reform Commission jointly issued the Work Plan on Establishing and improving the energy efficiency Evaluation Methods and Systems of Public Buildings in Beijing (referred to as the Work Plan), further improving the energy efficiency evaluation methods of public buildings, accelerating the establishment and improvement of the energy efficiency evaluation system of public buildings, and realizing the green and low-carbon development of public buildings. Promote the continuous improvement of energy efficiency in the city's public buildings. The "work plan" clearly proposes to "optimize and upgrade the" Beijing public building energy consumption quota management information platform ", integrate the existing building energy consumption statistics, public building energy-saving green transformation, key energy use units energy utilization report related data "and" implement the dynamic management mechanism of the building list ". The Municipal Committee of Housing and Urban and Rural Construction also organized the revision of the local standard "Civil building Energy Consumption Standard", which clarified the constraint value and guiding value of public building energy consumption, and provided technical support for the energy efficiency assessment and classification management of public buildings.

At the same time, the Municipal Committee of Housing and urban and rural Construction carried out energy efficiency assessment and classification work discussions and research, and organized many units such as energy supply companies to carry out energy consumption data docking discussions. At present, the public building energy efficiency assessment and classification work in the Beijing Economic and Technological Development Zone and Beijing City sub-center started pilot, relevant experts have carried out the first 10 pilot projects of site research, technical services and energy efficiency assessment work, and put forward feasible suggestions on the public building energy efficiency assessment and classification management work in the city.

The energy efficiency assessment of public buildings has also been formally written into the "Beijing Green Building Development Regulations" voted by the sixth meeting of the Standing Committee of the 16th Beijing Municipal People's Congress in November this year. According to the regulations, this municipality has established a graded management system for energy efficiency assessment of public buildings. If the annual energy consumption exceeds the standard constraint value, the owner of the public building shall strengthen the management of energy-saving operation; If the annual energy usage exceeds 80% of the standard constraint value, the building owner shall carry out energy audits at the same time; If the energy used exceeds 80% of the standard constraint value for two consecutive years, the owner of the building shall implement energy-saving green transformation in accordance with the provisions.

Energy saving and carbon reduction in public buildings enable green development

With the optimization and adjustment of Beijing's industrial structure, the proportion of tertiary industry in the national economy is getting higher and higher. Most of the production and operation activities related to the tertiary industry are carried out in public buildings, and with the improvement of the requirements for the quality of work and life, the use intensity of public buildings such as offices, shopping malls and hospitals will continue to increase. These are likely to further increase the demand for energy in public buildings, thus pushing up building energy consumption. This means that the energy conservation and carbon reduction of public buildings in Beijing requires the active awareness and joint participation of all sectors of society and the general public.

In the process of ten years of power consumption quota management, the Municipal Commission of Housing and Urban and Rural Construction insisted on "dual grasp" of work and awareness cultivation, and carried out multi-directional and multi-channel publicity work of quota management policy and energy-saving operation through daily consultation, regular training, platform business management, on-site verification and collection, expert public welfare services, etc., and the energy-saving awareness of public building owners and operation management units continued to improve. The sense of participation gradually increased.

At present, carbon emissions from the construction sector in Beijing account for about 50% of the total social emissions, of which nearly half come from urban public buildings. The energy conservation and emission reduction of public buildings are of great significance for promoting the green development of Beijing, promoting the harmonious coexistence between man and nature, and actively and steadily realizing the goal of "double carbon". In the future, Beijing will continue to do a good job in the energy consumption management of public buildings, further promote the energy conservation and carbon reduction of public buildings, and play a greater role in fully realizing the peak carbon neutrality in the construction sector of Beijing.